ajp方式实现Apache负载均衡+Tomcat集群
目标:
使用 apache 和 tomcat 配置一个可以应用的 web 网站，要达到以下要求：
Apache 做为 HttpServer ，后面连接多个 tomcat 应用实例，并进行负载均衡。
注：本例程以一台机器为例子，即同一台机器上装一个apache和2个Tomcat。
一、准备工作,下载以下软件
JDK1.5+
APAHCE 2.2.8
Tomcat-7.0.41
二、安装过程
安装Apache
D:\Program Files (x86)\Apache Software Foundation\Apache2.2 解压tomcat D:\Tomcat-7.0.41-1 D:\Tomcat-7.0.41-2
三、配置
1、Apache配置
1.1、httpd.conf配置
修改APACHE的配置文件 Apache2.2\conf\httpd.conf
将以下Module的注释去掉
#apache tomcat负载均衡
LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so
#apache tomcat负载均衡
LoadModule proxy_ajp_module modules/mod_proxy_ajp.so
#apache tomcat负载均衡
LoadModule proxy_balancer_module modules/mod_proxy_balancer.so
#apache tomcat负载均衡
LoadModule proxy_connect_module modules/mod_proxy_connect.so
#apache tomcat负载均衡
LoadModule proxy_ftp_module modules/mod_proxy_ftp.so
#apache tomcat负载均衡
LoadModule proxy_http_module modules/mod_proxy_http.so
再找到
<IfModule dir_module>
DirectoryIndex index.html index.php
</IfModule>
去掉如下代码的注释
Include conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf
最下面添加
#tomcat集群
ProxyRequests Off
ProxyPass / balancer://example/
<proxy balancer://example>
BalancerMember ajp://127.0.0.1:8010 loadfactor=1 route=jvm1
BalancerMember ajp://127.0.0.1:8011 loadfactor=1 route=jvm2
</proxy>
1.2、httpd-vhosts.conf设置
接下来进行虚拟主机的设置。修改 Apache2.2\conf\extra\httpd-vhosts.conf
<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerAdmin 506110230@qq.com
ServerName localhost
ServerAlias localhost
ProxyPass / balancer://example/ stickysession=jsessionid nofailover=On
ProxyPassReverse / balancer://example/
ErrorLog "logs/loadbalancer-error.log"
CustomLog "logs/loadbalancer-access.log" common
</VirtualHost>
2 配置 tomcat
2.1. 配置 server 的关闭
tomcat1
<Server port="8006" shutdown="SHUTDOWN">
tomcat2
<Server port="8007" shutdown="SHUTDOWN">
2.2. 配置 Engine
tomcat1
<Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="jvm1">
tomcat2
<Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="jvm2">
##2.3. 配置 Connector tomcat1
<Connector port="8010" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" />
tomcat2
<Connector port="8011" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" />
2.5.配置Cluster
tomcat1(port号是重点)
<Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster"
channelSendOptions="8">
<Manager className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.DeltaManager"
expireSessionsOnShutdown="false"
notifyListenersOnReplication="true"/>
<Channel className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.GroupChannel">
<Membership className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.membership.McastService"
address="228.0.0.4"
port="45564"
frequency="500"
dropTime="3000"/>
<Receiver className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.NioReceiver"
address="auto"
port="4000"
autoBind="100"
selectorTimeout="5000"
maxThreads="6"/>
<Sender className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.ReplicationTransmitter">
<Transport className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.PooledParallelSender"/>
</Sender>
<Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.TcpFailureDetector"/>
<Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.MessageDispatch15Interceptor"/>
</Channel>
<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.ReplicationValve"
filter=""/>
<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteBinderValve"/>
<Deployer className="org.apache.catalina.ha.deploy.FarmWarDeployer"
tempDir="/tmp/war-temp/"
deployDir="/tmp/war-deploy/"
watchDir="/tmp/war-listen/"
watchEnabled="false"/>
<ClusterListener className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteSessionIDBinderListener"/>
<ClusterListener className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.ClusterSessionListener"/>
</Cluster>
tomcat2(port号是重点)
<Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster"
channelSendOptions="8">
<Manager className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.DeltaManager"
expireSessionsOnShutdown="false"
notifyListenersOnReplication="true"/>
<Channel className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.GroupChannel">
<Membership className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.membership.McastService"
address="228.0.0.4"
port="45564"
frequency="500"
dropTime="3000"/>
<Receiver className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.NioReceiver"
address="auto"
port="4001"
autoBind="100"
selectorTimeout="5000"
maxThreads="6"/>
<Sender className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.ReplicationTransmitter">
<Transport className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.PooledParallelSender"/>
</Sender>
<Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.TcpFailureDetector"/>
<Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.MessageDispatch15Interceptor"/>
</Channel>
<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.ReplicationValve"
filter=""/>
<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteBinderValve"/>
<Deployer className="org.apache.catalina.ha.deploy.FarmWarDeployer"
tempDir="/tmp/war-temp/"
deployDir="/tmp/war-deploy/"
watchDir="/tmp/war-listen/"
watchEnabled="false"/>
<ClusterListener className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteSessionIDBinderListener"/>
<ClusterListener className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.ClusterSessionListener"/>
</Cluster>
四、启动服务，测试tomcat
1、测试apache和tomcat协作。 先在每个tomcat中的\webapps\ROOT下的index.jsp下面加上以下的测试代码部分：
<%@ page language="java"%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"%>
<%@ page import="java.util.*"%>
<%
System.out.println(new Date().getTime());
%>
浏览器分别刷新:
http://127.0.0.1:8081/
http://127.0.0.1:8082/
http://127.0.0.1/
观察后台输出
